Living cells are sustained by countless chemical reactions that must be carefully regulated to maintain internal order and ...

Egg yolk may appear runny and uniform, but on the nanoscale, it is one of the most crowded biological fluids in nature. Packed with proteins and fats, it serves as a dense storage reservoir for a ...

Microorganisms aboard the International Space Station have extracted dozens of metals from actual asteroid fragments, a result that strengthens the case for biology-driven mining on the Moon, Mars, ...

Abstract: The semiconductor manufacturing industry continues to develop to meet the demand of semiconductor devices. Among various processes during manufacturing semiconductor devices, the oxidation ...