Heat may be 10 billion times more efficient for randomization ...

In the loop: PhD student Monika Monika takes a closer look at the negative-temperature experimental setup in Jena. (Courtesy: Ira Winkler/University Jena) Researchers in Germany and the US have ...

Description: Basic principles and concepts of thermodynamics applied to chemical engineering problems; use of basic thermodynamic functions of enthalpy, entropy, free energy to solutions, phase ...

Crystal clear: transmission electron microscope image showing a blob of amorphous calcium phosphate that is beginning to crystallize at the bottom left. (Courtesy: Antiope Lotsari/Chalmers University ...

The laws of thermodynamics, in principle, describe the specifics for the transport of heat and work in thermodynamic processes. Since their conception, however, these laws have become some of the most ...

In biophysics, the kinetic states of molecules play a determining role in the metabolic and physiological processes in which they take part. Now, a new article specifies for the first time the levels ...